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<h2 class="title"><a id="java"></a>Chapter 5. Java API </h2>
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<b>Table of Contents</b>
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<dt>
<span class="sect1">
<a href="java.html#java_conf">Java configuration</a>
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<a href="java_compat.html">Compatibility</a>
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<a href="java_program.html">Java programming notes</a>
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<a href="java_faq.html">Java FAQ</a>
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<h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="java_conf"></a>Java configuration</h2>
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<p>
Building the Berkeley DB java classes, the examples and the
native support library is integrated into the normal build
process. See <a href="../installation/build_unix_conf.html" class="olink">Configuring Berkeley DB</a> and <a href="../installation/build_win_java.html" class="olink">Building the Java API</a> in the
Berkeley DB Installation and Build Guide for more information.
</p>
<p>
We expect that you already installed the Java JDK or
equivalent on your system. For the sake of discussion, we
assume that it is in a directory called db-VERSION; for
example, you downloaded a Berkeley DB archive, and you did not
change the top-level directory name. The files related to Java
are in three subdirectories of db-VERSION: java (the java
source files), libdb_java (the C++ files that provide the
"glue" between java and Berkeley DB) and examples/java
(containing all examples code). The directory tree looks like
this:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">db-VERSION
|-- java
| `-- src
| `-- com
| `-- sleepycat
| |-- bind
| |-- db
| | `-- ...
| `-- util
|-- examples_java
| `-- src
| `-- db
| `-- ...
`-- libdb_java
`-- ...
</pre>
<p>
This naming conforms to the de facto standard for naming
java packages. When the java code is built, it is placed into
two jar files: <code class="filename">db.jar</code>, containing the db
package, and <code class="filename">dbexamples.jar</code>, containing
the examples.
</p>
<p>
For your application to use Berkeley DB successfully, you
must set your <code class="literal">CLASSPATH</code> environment
variable to include the full pathname of the db jar files as
well as the classes in your java distribution. On UNIX,
<code class="literal">CLASSPATH</code> is a colon-separated list of
directories and jar files; on Windows, it is separated by
semicolons. On UNIX, the jar files are put in your build
directory, and when you do the make install step, they are
copied to the lib directory of your installation tree. On
Windows, the jar files are placed in the Release or Debug
subdirectory with your other objects.
</p>
<p>
The Berkeley DB Java classes are mostly implemented in
native methods. Before you can use them, you need to make sure
that the DLL or shared library containing the native methods
can be found by your Java runtime. On Windows, you should set
your PATH variable to include:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<code class="filename">db-VERSION\build_windows\Release</code>
</pre>
<p>
On UNIX, you should set the
<code class="literal">LD_LIBRARY_PATH</code> environment variable or
local equivalent to include the Berkeley DB library
installation directory. Of course, the standard install
directory may have been changed for your site; see your system
administrator for details.
</p>
<p>
On other platforms, the path can be set on the command line
as follows (assuming the shared library is in
<code class="filename">/usr/local/BerkeleyDB/lib</code>:)
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">% java -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB/lib ...</pre>
<p>
Regardless, if you get the following exception when you run,
you probably do not have the library search path configured
correctly:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError</pre>
<p>
Different Java interpreters provide different error messages
if the <code class="literal">CLASSPATH</code> value is incorrect, a
typical error is the following:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError</pre>
<p>
To ensure that everything is running correctly, you may want
to try a simple test from the example programs in
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">
<code class="filename">db-VERSION/examples/java/src/db</code>
</pre>
<p>
For example, the following sample program will prompt for
text input lines, which are then stored in a Btree database
named <code class="filename">access.db</code> in your current
directory:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">% java db.AccessExample</pre>
<p>
Try giving it a few lines of input text and then
end-of-file. Before it exits, you should see a list of the
lines you entered display with data items. This is a simple
check to make sure the fundamental configuration is working
correctly.
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